Hypertrophy
Increase in muscle size and bulk, hypertrophy, are the result of increase in the volume of contractile proteins within the muscle cells so that they can contract with greater force. In general, males have a greater potential to achieve increases in muscle bulk and size, due to higher levels of the hormone testosterone. |
Increase Tendon Strength
Tendons are tough bands of fibrous connective tissue designed to withstand tension. Like muscles, tendons adapt to the mechanical loading of regular exercise. A general adaptation is increased is increased strength, but different types of training will exert differing effects on muscle-tendon complexes.
Ligaments and tendons, the connective tissue structures around joints, will increase in flexibility and strength with regular exercise. Cartilage also becomes thicker. |
Increase in myoglobin stores and number of mitochondria and increase storage of glycogen and fat
Muscles increase their oxidative capacity with regular training. This is achieve by an increase in the number of mitochondria within the muscle cells, an increase in the supply of ATP and an increase in the quantity of enzymes involved in respiration. The ability of the muscles to store myogolobin is also increased, alongside the ability to store and use glycogen and fat.
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Increase Muscle Strength
Muscles will only strengthen when forced to operate outside of their customary intensity, i.e. you need to overload them. Overload can be achieved by increasing the resistance the are reuqired to overcome or the number of times a resistance is reuired to be overcome in repitions or stes
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