Capillarisation
Long-Term exercise can lead to the development of the capillary network to a part of your body. Aerboic exercise improves the capillarisation of cardiac and skeletal muscle. Blood flow increases as a consequence of an increase in the size and number of blood vessels. This aloows for more efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients. |
Incease In Stroke Volume
Stroke Volume at rest has been shown to be significantly higher after a prolonged endurance-training programme. The heart can therefore pump more blood per minute, increasing cardiac output during maximal levels of exercise. Blood floe increases as a consequence of an increase in the size and number of blood vessels. This allows for more efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients.
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Increase In Cardiac Output
During participation in sport and exercise, cardiac output will be increased as a result of increase in heart rate and/or stroke volume. Stroke volume does not increase significantly beyond the light work rates of low-intensity exercise, so the increase in cardiac output required for moderate to high-intensity work rates are achieved by increase in heart rate. Your maximum attainable cardiac output decreases with increasing age, largely as a result of a decrease in maximum heart rate. Maximium heart rate can be calculated using the formula: Maximum heart rate = 220 - age in years).
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Decreased Resting Heart Rate
Your resting heart rate falls, due to hypertrophy of the heart, reducing the workload on your heart and your heart rate returns to normal after exercise more quickly.
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